St Andrews Castle Ruins
One of the most historic and scenically beautiful castles in Scotland, St Andrews Castle stands on a high clifftop site that was first fortified around 1100. Defended by sheer cliffs on the seaward side, and by rock-cut ditches to the landward, St Andrews was an easily defended site. Around 1200 Bishop Roger of St Andrews, son of the Earl of Leicester, had a stone castle built to act as his official residence. Vestiges of the early 13th-century stonework can be seen in the Fore Tower, and the square keep. The ruins sit on a rocky promontory overlooking a small beach called Castle Sands and the adjoining North Sea. (St Andrews, Scotland)
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